Graduate Record 2005-2006 [ARCHIVED RECORD]
School of Law
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Among the original schools contemplated in Mr. Jefferson’s plan for the organization of the University of Virginia was “Law: Municipal and Foreign, Embracing the General Principles, Theory and Practice of Jurisprudence, together with the Theory and Principles of Constitutional Government.” Accordingly, the Law School was established with the opening of the University in 1825 and has been an integral part of the University since that date.
Located on the North Grounds, along with the Darden Graduate School of Business Administration and the Judge Advocate General’s School, the Law School features new classrooms, seminar rooms, and moot courtrooms. The Law Grounds also include comprehensive computer facilities; an expanded library with a magnificent three-story reading room; a large career services complex; attractive offices for student organizations; full dining services; and numerous student lounges. Surrounded by inviting gardens and an elegant, tree-lined lawn, the setting reflects Jefferson’s conviction that locating an intellectual community within a beautiful environment fosters learning and personal growth.
As of 2004-05, the J.D. student body is composed of 1,100 students from virtually every state, the District of Columbia, and numerous foreign countries. They hold undergraduate or graduate degrees from over 250 colleges and universities. The teaching faculty includes over 70 full-time members who have been educated at this and the country’s other major law schools and who bring to Virginia wide experience in education, private legal practice, and government service. Their offerings are supplemented by several dozen distinguished adjunct and part-time faculty drawn from private practice, government agencies, the judiciary, as well as educators and practitioners from numerous other countries.
The Law School is justly famous for the collegial environment that bonds students and faculty, and student satisfaction is consistently cited as among the highest in American law schools. Intellectual challenges are complemented by a spirit of cooperation and camaraderie. Small first-year sections promote individual inquiry while providing support and friendship. Students read each other’s work and learn together, freely share course outlines and other materials, and rely on the honor system to maintain the highest ethical standards.
Intellectual rigor, dynamic teaching, and rich diversity of courses distinguish the Virginia curriculum. The Law School fosters creative scholarship in all aspects of law, blending skilled craftsmanship with an enlarged understanding of law’s changing functions in contemporary society. At Virginia, law in its origins, impact, implications, and full range of possibilities is analyzed and debated in classes, workshops, lecture programs, student organizations, and faculty-student informal exchanges. Faculty meet with and mentor students, exploring ideas and fostering understanding and creative scholarship. Interdisciplinary thinking comes naturally at Virginia, with a third of the faculty holding advanced degrees in fields such as psychology, economics, philosophy, history, and the social study of science and technology.
The Arthur J. Morris Law Library, with more than 870,000 volumes, is one of the largest law libraries in the country. While its primary mission is to support the Law School’s faculty and student body, it also provides service to the University and the legal community beyond the University. As a member of a global community of research organizations, it links the Law School to local, national, and international information sources. It is an instructional unit within the Law School responsible for teaching techniques of effective legal research and publishing materials that assist the researcher in understanding legal bibliography.
Address
School of Law
580 Massie Road
University of Virginia
P.O. Box 400405
Charlottesville, VA 22903-1789
(434) 924-7354
www.law.virginia.edu
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Admission Information
Preliminary Education The study of law requires the constant application of a disciplined mind. Therefore, those courses are best suited to prelaw study that, either in content or method of instruction, are best adapted to inculcating habits of disciplined thought. Furthermore, the scope of law is so broad that no single field of study can be peremptorily excluded. Subjects such as economics and political science are customarily recommended, but to recommend these subjects is not to suggest that other courses, such as history, mathematics, English and American literature, philosophy, the natural sciences, psychology, Latin, and modern languages are not of equal value. A lawyer is constantly engaged in communicating ideas, and to that end, emphasis on the capacity to write clearly is properly stressed. Courses in English composition are therefore recommended. Courses in accounting and public speaking are often recommended. It should be noted, however, that the School of Law offers the opportunity for pursuing these courses as related to law, so they are not specifically recommended in preference to broader and more culturally oriented courses.
Profile of the 2004 Entering Class The 360 students who entered the first year of law study at the University of Virginia in August 2004 were selected from a total of 5,475 applicants. Of the entering students, 216 came from 44 different states, the District of Columbia, and 5 foreign countries (Pakistan, China, Korea, Ukraina, and India). The remaining members were from Virginia. This class also included 144 women students, and of the 294 students who identified their ethnicity, 62 were minorities.
Although widely differing approaches to college grading often serve to render comparative statements about undergraduate records misleading, it is significant that most students in this fall’s entering class ranked in the upper 20 percent of their graduating classes. The median grade point average was 3.63 on a 4.0 scale. (This computation does not include several students whose grades could not be accurately interpolated to a 4.0 scale.) The median LSAT score was 169. Many of these students had also completed advanced degree work. The average age was 24.
The Law School has continued its policy of giving preferred status to Virginia applicants, and a large number of highly qualified non-Virginians must be turned away for lack of space. A total of 803 Virginia residents applied for admission, compared with 3,785 out-of-state applicants.
Regular Students
Candidates for the degree of Juris Doctor must have attained the age of 18 years (counting to the nearest birthday) before entering the School of Law; they must produce a certificate of good character from each school or college attended, or from another satisfactory source; and they must conform to the general requirements set forth below. The Law School does not offer a summer session.
Applicants should inform themselves of the character and other qualifications for admission to the Bar of the state in which they intend to practice.
Academic Requirements Each candidate must present evidence that he or she is a graduate of an accredited college.
Candidates for admission who have not completed the required entrance credits will not be admitted with the privilege of making up the deficiency.
Applications for Admission Applications for admission must be submitted on forms obtained from the Admissions Office. Students are accepted only for the fall semester starting in late August of each year.
Applications may be filed after the completion of six semesters (or the equivalent) of undergraduate work. Application volume was over 5,500 in 2004-05; applicants should therefore file and complete their applications as soon as possible in order to allow the Admissions Office sufficient time to process them efficiently. Because of the problems encountered with processing the large volume of applications, the Committee on Admissions established January 15 as the deadline for receipt of applications for admission. All required materials, in addition to the application form itself, should be received at the Admissions Office prior to that date. The Committee on Admissions may, at its discretion, accept or reject applications received after that date. Whenever possible, we suggest that the application be filed and completed by January 1.
All applicants will be notified, upon acceptance, that they will be required to pay a deposit to secure a place in the entering class. This deposit will be credited toward tuition.
Standards for Admission In recent years, the admission process has been rigorously selective. Spatial restrictions have necessitated the denial of admission to hundreds of applicants who would otherwise have been routinely accepted.
The Committee on Admissions believes that an absolute standard based solely on a combination of LSAT score and undergraduate grade point average (GPA) is neither the most equitable nor the most effective way to select an entering class. Consequently, the committee considers a broad array of elements in addition to the essential factors of LSAT and GPA. The committee’s purpose is to assemble a diverse student body while arriving at a fair appraisal of each applicant based on many factors, both subjective and objective, quantitative and qualitative.
This broad array of data used in determining admissions decisions makes it difficult to predict what action may be taken on an individual application. The LSAT score and GPA surely are the primary determinants for the committee. However, the committee views these factors in the context of the maturing effect on an individual of some years spent away from formal education; continuing improvement in academic performance as opposed to steady but unexceptional work; financial pressure requiring employment while a full-time student; significant personal achievement in extracurricular work at college or in a work or military situation; and unusual prior training, background, or ethnicity that promises a significant contribution to the Law School community. In addition, economic, social, or educational obstacles that have been overcome successfully by an applicant have contributed to favorable consideration. Other similar factors are also considered.
Law School Admission Test The School of Law cooperates with the Law School Admission Council in the preparation and development of the Law School Admission Test. All applicants for admission are required to take the test. Test scores are used to supplement college records and other criteria that determine admission.
For the convenience of applicants taking the Law School Admission Test, examination centers have been established in many colleges throughout the country, and the test is offered in October, December, February, and June. Applicants are urged to take the test no later than October. Applicants with outstanding academic records who score poorly on the first test and who have good reason to believe they can improve their performance significantly should seriously consider retaking the test. Application forms and further information concerning the test may be obtained from the Law School Admission Council, Box 2000, Newtown, PA 18940; www.lsac.org.
LSDAS The applicant should register with Law School Data Assembly Service (LSDAS) by completing and mailing the registration form obtained from LSDAS. A transcript from each college or university attended should then be sent not to the Law School but directly to: Law School Admission Council, Box 2000, Newtown, PA 18940.
The LSDAS will analyze and duplicate the transcript. If accepted, the student will be asked to submit a final transcript, showing the award of a bachelor’s degree, directly to the School of Law.
Admission From Other Law Schools No person who has previously attended any law school in the United States shall be eligible for admission as a student in this School of Law unless he or she is eligible for re-admission to the Law School previously attended. Applications of students contemplating transfer with advanced standing will not be acted upon until one full year of work has been completed.
Advanced Standing Credit Credit toward the degree of Juris Doctor in this School of Law may be given, at the discretion of the dean or assistant dean or upon vote of the law faculty, for courses satisfactorily passed in a law school in the United States that is either approved by the American Bar Association or is a member of the Association of American Law Schools. However, in no event, is this credit to exceed the equivalent of the work of three full quarters or two semesters. Similar credits may be given, in like manner, for work done in law schools outside the United States.
No credit will be given for work in any single session during which the student failed in two or more courses, nor will credit be given for any course in which the student did not receive a grade of D (or the equivalent) or better, and credits once given may be withdrawn for unsatisfactory work in this school. The dean and assistant dean are given power to make such rulings and adjustments as necessary for the fair and equitable administration of this general provision.
Transfer students are eligible to participate in combined degree programs with other departments and schools of the University and to receive academic credit for graduate-level courses taken in other departments and schools of the University on the same basis as regularly enrolled students. In considering the admission of a transfer student to a combined degree program or the authorization of non-Law School credit for a transfer student, the faculty advisor or the assistant dean, as the case may be, may take into account the transfer applicant’s academic record and the institution from which he or she has transferred.
Health Students who have been admitted to the University must complete a personal medical history form. Appropriate forms are sent after admission is granted. All health requirements must be met prior to registration.
Special Students
A limited number of applicants who, though unable to fulfill the foregoing entrance requirements, can present proper evidence of good character, maturity, and training, may, in exceptional cases and by special action of the law faculty, be admitted as special students. (The limitation of the number of special students admitted conforms to the recommendation of the American Bar Association.) Applicants who fulfill the regular graduate entrance requirement but who are unable to meet the intense competition for places should note that the special student category is not available to them. Special student applicants must take the Law School Admission Test.
The applicant for admission as a special student must apply on forms available from the Admissions Office, supplemented with detailed information as to prior education, business experience, and general fitness to undertake the study of law. A statement explaining why the applicant is unable to qualify as a regular student must accompany the written application.
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Financial Aid Information
Title IV Institutional Code: 003745
The University of Virginia School of Law assists its students in financing their legal education through a variety of resources, including scholarship assistance; Title IV federally sponsored programs such as Stafford Student Loans, Perkins Loans, and College Work-Study funding; and private sector educational loans. Most scholarship assistance is awarded on a combined basis of academic merit and financial need. Some scholarships are awarded solely on merit. Scholarships are awarded to first-year students and are typically renewed for the second and third years of law school, so long as the student’s academic progress is satisfactory. International students are eligible for scholarship and private loan assistance only.
How To Apply for Financial Aid All admitted first-year students are automatically considered for merit-based scholarship assistance, and a separate application is not required. Applicants who wish to be considered for need-based scholarships and federal loans must file the Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA) and complete the School of Law Institutional Application for Financial Aid. The recommended deadline for filing these forms is February 15. Rising second- and third-year students must submit a FAFSA and Institutional Application for Financial Aid to continue receiving need-based financial assistance. The recommended deadline for current students is April 15.
The FAFSA is available at the University’s central financial aid office, the School of Law financial aid office, and on-line at www.fafsa.ed.gov. The School of Law Institutional Application for Financial Aid is available at www.law.virginia.edu/home2002/pdf/0405finaid.pdf.
Budgets
Students’ budgets are determined by the University Financial Aid Committee and are standardized for all graduate and professional schools at the University. Modifications are made to reflect the actual costs incurred by law students in general. The Law School Financial Aid Office works individually with students to develop realistic budgets that meet the costs of obtaining a legal education and to identify sources of financial support that will enable students to achieve their educational and professional goals.
Budgets for the 2005-2006 academic year are estimated as follows:
VA Non-
Resident Resident
Tuition & Fees $26,100 $31,100
Room, Board, Misc. 13,726 13,726
Books 800 800
Loan Origination Fees 574 574
Total $41,200 $46,200
The Law School’s Financial Aid Office is authorized to increase a student’s budget up to $2,500 toward the cost of any notebook computer upon request from the student and submission of supporting documentation (i.e., sales receipt or PC vendor’s price quote). Adjustments to a student’s cost of attendance may also be made to accommodate some non-discretionary expenses such as child care and medical expenses not covered by insurance.
Standard Forms of Financial Aid
Scholarships Scholarship assistance is provided through the generosity of alumni and friends of the School of Law and from general funds allocated by the school. Most scholarship assistance is awarded on a combined basis of academic merit and need, but some scholarships are awarded solely on merit. All admitted applicants will be considered for merit-based assistance, and no separate application is required. Scholarships are typically renewed for the second and third years of law school, so long as the student’s academic progress is satisfactory.
Stafford Student Loan Program Stafford Loans are loans available to U.S. citizens and permanent residents in interest-subsidized and unsubsidized forms. The University participates in the Federal Family Educational Loan Program (FFELP) for Stafford Loans. To borrow subsidized Stafford Loan funds, students must demonstrate financial need under a standard needs analysis. Students may borrow up to $8,500 in subsidized Stafford Student Loans, with the federal government paying the interest on the loan while the borrower is in school and for a six-month grace period following graduation or withdrawal.
Students may borrow an annual maximum of $18,500 in combined subsidized and unsubsidized Stafford Loans. While interest begins accruing immediately on Unsubsidized Stafford Loans, students may defer payment while enrolled and for a six-month grace period following graduation. The maximum amount a student can borrow under the Stafford Loan program is $138,500.
The University has established Bank of America as its preferred lender for all Stafford Loans, but students may choose to use any lender.
Private-Sector Educational Loans Private-sector education loans are available to all students, regardless of need, to help meet any costs of education not covered by scholarship assistance or Stafford Student Loans. Private loans are available from a variety of lenders and are based on the applicant’s credit history and ability to repay. An eligible cosigner may be required. As with FFELP loans, the University has established the Bank of America as its preferred lender. Bank of America offers Guaranteed Access to Education (GATE) loans in partnership with First Marblehead Bank to both domestic and international students. Law students may, however, choose to obtain a private-sector educational loan from any lender.
Outside Scholarships Students who receive scholarships from sources other than the University of Virginia must inform the Financial Aid Office in writing. Outside scholarships will not reduce the amount of any scholarship assistance from the School of Law, but may reduce students’ borrowing eligibility.
Emergency Loans Emergency Loans can be obtained to cover unforeseen, educationally-related expenses that may arise during the academic year. The Law School offers emergency loans in amounts not to exceed $400. Students must provide a written request to the director of financial aid indicating the nature of the expense and the amount needed. These loans are interest free and are limited to one per academic year.
Bar Examination Loans These loans are available through participating lenders during the final year of study and are based upon the student’s credit worthiness. Repayment begins nine months after graduation.
Employment Opportunities Students may apply for part-time work through either the Law School or the University’s Office of Student Financial Services. However, first-year students are discouraged from part-time work because of the extensive requirements of the first-year curriculum. In no event may any student engage in more than 20 hours of employment per week.
Students are employed in the Law School as research assistants to law professors and assistants in the law library. Only second- and third-year students are eligible for work-study employment within the University and Law School community.
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Career Services
Over the years, students in the School of Law have consistently been able to obtain outstanding permanent and summer jobs. Most of these jobs are the result of contacts made during interviews with employers conducted at the Law School; the remainder are obtained by students on their own, often with the assistance of the Law School’s Career Services Office or Public Service Center. They are among the very busiest offices in the country in terms of the number of employers contacting them annually with job opportunities. In the fall of 2004, for example, nearly 900 public- and private-sector law offices from 41 states and the District of Columbia conducted more than 7,400 interviews at the Law School from mid-September to late October. An additional 450 employers solicited résumés from Virginia students without visiting the Law School.
This volume of recruiting activity is a measure of the esteem in which Virginia students are held by legal employers. It has, moreover, resulted in a geographical pattern of job placement that is as diverse as that of any law school in the country. Within a few months of graduation in 2004, 330 out of 352 graduates had informed the Career Services Office that they had obtained jobs: 247 with law firms, 50 as judicial clerks; 18 with federal, city or state government agencies or public interest groups; 1 with corporations; 10 in graduate study, and 4 with the military.
The Career Services Office and the Public Service Center offer a wide range of services to students seeking permanent and summer employment. They maintain contact with students and employers through the CASE system, which links the offices with students and employers via the Internet. In addition to attending to the logistical demands of the fall interviewing season, both the Career Services Office and the Public Service Center provide individual counseling on subjects ranging from interviewing techniques to strategies for obtaining specific types of jobs to letter and résumé writing. The offices also help students looking for jobs outside the formal interviewing process by corresponding with, and forwarding student résumés to, non-visiting employers posted on the CASE system and by assisting students in locating still other employers, often making use of the Internet and the comprehensive employer listings in the Career Services and Public Service Center libraries.
The Career Services Office and the Public Service Center have developed and maintain an extensive Law School Alumni Network, made up of nearly 2,000 of its graduates who have volunteered to provide advice and assistance to students and graduates in the job market. The network is accessible to students and graduates via the CASE system.
Other projects conducted by the Career Services Office and the Public Service Center include panel discussions on various kinds of legal opportunities, especially those not generally represented among visiting employers; online job listings for alumni in the job market; regional job fairs; an annual public interest job fair; symposia on job search techniques and strategies; a mock interview program for first-year students; and projects designed to promote careers in public service, such as Student Funded Fellowships, which provide stipends to students in summer public-service jobs, and the University of Virginia Public Service Loan Assistance Program, which provides loan assistance to graduates in public service positions.
The most popular locales for graduates of the classes of 2001-2003 include Washington, DC (299 graduates), New York City (210), Atlanta (66), Richmond (54), Boston, (48) Los Angeles (42), Chicago (36), San Francisco Bay Area (33), Houston (29), Philadelphia (25), McLean (20), Baltimore (19), and San Diego and Dallas (17 each).
The members of the Class of 2004 accepted positions in 31 states and the District of Columbia. Starting salaries varied considerably with location and type of work. For example, large New York firms offered 2004 graduates $125,000 per year, while similar jobs in large urban areas were generally more than $100,000, and in smaller urban areas they were typically around $65,000. Jobs with the federal government were, in most cases, at the $40,000 salary level. Although precise figures are not available, the average starting salary for graduates in the private sector was estimated by the Career Services Office to be more than $110,000.
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Combined Degree Programs
Credit for Courses Taken Before Enrollment as a J.D. Candidate No credit is granted to any student, except transfer students, for any academic work completed prior to enrollment as a J.D. candidate, including law courses in the Law School and graduate courses in schools and departments at the University of Virginia with which the Law School maintains combined degree programs.
Limited Enrollment While in Residence While enrolled in the Law School, no student may be enrolled simultaneously in academic courses, as part of a degree-granting program or otherwise, at another institution without prior approval by the Curriculum Committee. Exception: students enrolled in External Combined-Degree Programs in Public International Law do not need Curriculum Committee approval.
Documentation for Combined Degree Programs Students must present documentation indicating acceptance into a combined degree program to the Student Records Office. During one semester of their tenure in the School of Law, students must be registered in the school in which the second degree will be obtained. The Student Records Office must be informed of the semester in which the student will be enrolled in the other school.
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Academic Regulations
Prerequisites Students must meet all prerequisite requirements for courses they wish to enroll in or have a signed Prerequisite Waiver form on file in the Student Records Office.
Attendance Regular attendance is part of each student’s required work in courses and seminars. Regular attendance is defined as attending a minimum of eighty percent of class sessions. Each instructor, however, has authority to determine a higher standard of “regular attendance” for his or her courses and seminars. The failure of a student to attend regularly may be taken into account by the instructor in any manner for grading purposes. If, in consultation with the instructor, it is determined that the student’s absence from class is excessive and unwarranted, then the student (a) shall not be permitted to complete the work for the course, (b) shall not receive any academic credit for work performed in the course, and (c) shall receive the grade of “WF” (Withdrawn Failing). If a student is frequently absent from classes in general, the assistant dean for academic services may deny residence status for that semester, or may require withdrawal from the Law School.
Change of Courses Students may add and drop courses at will during the add/drop period. Once the add/drop period ends, except for good cause such as sickness or other circumstances beyond a student’s control, students will be expected to complete the requirements for all courses in which they are enrolled. Students must petition the assistant dean for academic services for permission to drop a course after the official add/drop deadline. Absolutely no drops will be permitted from short courses, full courses or seminars after the add/drop period has ended.
Credit for Courses at Other Law Schools Except in the case of transfer students, University of Virginia law students may not transfer credit for law courses taken at other law schools unless advance approval is obtained. Students will be granted credit for course work completed at the other law school with a grade of D (or its equivalent) or better that does not duplicate course work already completed at Virginia. Students who have received an F grade in a course at Virginia will not be allowed to transfer credit for that course from another law school. No summer abroad program will be approved, including those sponsored by ABA-approved law schools.
Credit for Courses Taken Before Enrollment as a J.D. Candidate No credit is granted to any student, except transfer students, for any academic work completed prior to enrollment as a J.D. candidate, including law courses in the Law School and graduate courses in schools and departments at the University of Virginia with which the Law School maintains combined degree programs.
Credit for Graduate Courses at the University Second- and third-year law students may supplement their law school curriculum with courses from other schools and departments of the University. To qualify for credit toward the J.D. degree, the course must be graduate level, non-language, directly relevant to the student’s intellectual development in the study of law, and must not be graded on a pass/fail basis. With the approval of the assistant dean for academic services, students may apply up to six non-law credits toward the J.D. degree. Additional credits may be allowed in certain instances.
Examination and Paper Extensions Students are expected to complete final examinations and submit papers in accordance with published schedules and deadlines. All examination date changes and paper deadline extensions must be authorized in advance by the assistant dean for academic services or the assistant dean for student affairs. Failure to complete examinations when scheduled or submit papers when due, will result in a grade of F for the course, seminar, or research project.
Limited Employment While in Residence Students may not engage in employment in excess of what is compatible with a full-time commitment to the study of law. No full-time student may be employed for more than 20 hours per week. When a student is self-employed or works at other than an hourly wage, the assistant dean for academic services shall decide whether a course of employment is excessive. Such a course may be excessive even if the person works fewer than 20 hours per week. The test is one of compatibility with a full-time commitment to the study of law. In making this determination, the assistant dean may consider the responsibilities of the employment, the rate of pay, the extent to which the student has control over the obligations attached to and the timing of participation in his or her employment, and other factors relating to the burden likely to arise from the employment that may conflict with legal study. Failure to observe this regulation will result in loss of residency status for the semester in which the student is in violation of this policy.
Exclusion for Academic Deficiency Candidates for the J.D. degree must satisfy two conditions during each academic year of enrollment; they must earn and maintain a minimum grade point average of C+ (2.3) and accumulate fewer than three exclusion points. A grade of D carries one exclusion point and a grade of F carries two exclusion points. Students who are academically deficient are excluded from the Law School immediately following the end of the academic year. Excluded students may petition the Academic Review Committee for readmission; however, readmission is granted only in exceptional cases.
Minimum/Maximum Course Load (Second- and Third-year Students) All second- and third-year students must enroll in at least 12 credits (excluding audits) and are strongly advised not to enroll in more than 16 credits (including courses audited in the Law School or courses taken for credit or audited in another school or department) each semester. Any student who wishes to enroll in more than 16 credits must petition the assistant dean for academic services prior to the end of the Add/Drop period of the semester for which credit is desired. This includes students pursuing a combined degree. Such a petition is routinely granted once it is shown that there is good cause for the overload and that the student has a sufficiently strong academic record to support the overload. Under no circumstances will a student be permitted to enroll in more than 21 credits. Students wishing to enroll in fewer than 12 credits must petition the assistant dean for student affairs; such petitions are granted only for illness or other circumstances beyond the student’s control.
Minimum/Maximum Course Load (First-Year Students) All first-year students must enroll in the required fall curriculum of five courses for 16 credits. In the spring semester, first-year students must enroll in required and elective courses totaling at least 14, but no more than 16, credits. First-year students are not allowed to enroll in more than 16 credits per semester or to enroll in non-law courses under any circumstances.
Required Withdrawal The School of Law reserves the right to require the withdrawal of any student who, in the opinion of the faculty, is not profiting or is not likely to profit by the instruction offered, whose grades are unsatisfactory, whose neglect or irregular performance of required duties indicates indifference, or whose character and habits are inconsistent with the good order of the School of Law or with the standards of the legal profession. The faculty has delegated the authority to make such determinations to the Committee on Academic and Professional Misconduct, appointed by the Dean of the School of Law. The actions of that committee may be reviewed by the Dean but will be reviewed by the full faculty only when the Dean recommends.
Voluntary Withdrawal and Leave of Absence Students who wish to withdraw voluntarily from the School of Law must comply with a procedure initiated by the assistant dean for student affairs in order to maintain their good standing. Students choosing to withdraw must do so prior to the beginning of the examination period for that semester. A withdrawal notation and withdrawal date will be recorded on students’ permanent academic transcripts. Students who do not follow the proper withdrawal procedure will be assigned F grades in their courses.
Students who wish to take a leave of absence from the School of Law must submit a written request to the assistant dean for student affairs prior to the semester or academic year for which the leave is requested. Such requests are routinely granted to students in good standing who have completed one semester of law school. A student is usually granted only one leave of absence.
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Activities and Awards
Student Activities
Action for Better Living (ABLE) is a student-run service organization that provides student volunteers opportunities to help the disadvantaged children in the Charlottesville community. ABLE volunteers have the opportunity to provide weekly after-school tutoring services to children of all ages in both reading and math. Other ABLE volunteers become “big siblings” to children in the community. The program matches up law students with “little siblings” to create one-on-one relationships. The goal of this program is to provide mentorship, friendship, and support to underprivileged kids on a consistent weekly basis.
Asian/Pacific American Law Students Association (APALSA) is a network of Asian-American law students at the University of Virginia that provides academic and social support to its members and reaches out to the law community on issues pertaining to Asian/Pacific-Americans.
Black Law Students Association (BLSA) represents the views of Black students at the UVa School of Law; promotes the welfare of its members through educational, professional, cultural and social programs; and provides a forum for the discussion of local and national issues affecting both the Black law student community and the University community as a whole.
Environmental Law Forum (ELF) is a student discussion group focusing on environmental issues and careers. Activities include hands-on volunteer work with local non-profit environmental groups and research assistance to the Southern Environmental Law Center.
First-Year Council Elected representatives plan social events for the first-year class, act as liaisons between the first-year class and the administration, and help plan orientation activities for the following year. Class officers and Student Bar Association representatives for the first-year class are elected from this council.
Health Law Interest Group is open to all law, L.L.M., medical, graduate, and undergraduate students. Its purposes are: to explain what Health Law is, to give students a better view of the different areas of Health law, to introduce types of classes we have available and to promote a healthy environment. We sponsor many speakers and seminars in the health law field throughout the year and organize social activities with medical and other graduate students. We also plan to participate in pro bono activities with the UVa Medical Center.
Jewish Law Students Association (JLSA) integrates Jewish cultural, religious, and academic interests into the Law School environment. Activities include lectures in Judaic law, holiday dinners, and social events. The group also promotes awareness of the needs of Jewish students at the Law School.
John Bassett Moore Society of International Law’s primary objective is to contribute to the development of international law by fostering interest and understanding in the field. To promote the objective, the Society sponsors speakers, conferences, publications, an international moot court team and pro bono human rights projects as well as numerous other programs. The society sponsors the team that represents the Law School at the Jessup International Moot Court Competition and publishes books on a wide variety of international legal subjects.
Journal of Law and Politics published four times yearly by law and graduate students, is the first and only publication devoted exclusively to analyzing the role of politics in the legal system and the role of law in the political process. The Journal publishes articles by prominent scholars and practitioners, as well as student-written notes and comments. Its members are selected by writing tryouts held each spring and fall.
Lambda Law Alliance serves primarily two purposes. The first purpose is to provide an academically and socially supportive network for members of sexual minorities and their allies enrolled in the Law School. The second and more visible purpose is to heighten awareness throughout the Law School and the University community about legal issues relevant to sexual minorities. Lambda attempts to keep the community informed of relevant issues and concerns and to promote equal civil rights for all.
Law Partners is a social networking group for couples connected with the law school. It was designed to foster a sense of community among students and their significant others, to function as a support group, and to create networks to help facilitate a smooth transition into life in Charlottesville.
Law Christian Fellowship (LCF) is a nondenominational Christian fellowship dedicated to understanding the person and claims of Jesus Christ. LCF remains uniquely committed to presenting Christianity to the UVa Law School and the surrounding Charlottesville community through service, outreach and fellowship. Room 156D
Legal Assistance Society provides legal services to low income and disadvantaged persons in Central Virginia. Student members participate in nine different projects: Legal Aid Office Interns, Domestic Violence Project, Western State Hospital Project, Labor Project, Rights of the Disabled Project, Public Benefits Project, Migrant Farm Workers Assistance Project, Legal Education Project, and Volunteer Income Tax Assistance Project.
Libel Show Each spring, law students satirize the faculty, administration, and Law School in a musical-comedy featuring the many hidden talents of the student body. This production is written, directed, and performed entirely by students.
Moot Court Competition Second-year students may voluntarily compete in teams of two persons in the William Minor Lile appellate Moot Court competition. The field of competition is narrowed by a process of elimination that continues through the third year, culminating in the final round argument in the spring of each year. Distinguished judges from both federal and state courts preside in the semi-final and final rounds. Students competing in the final three rounds receive certificates, and the names of the members of the winning team are inscribed on a plaque in the Moot Court Room.
Teams of students chosen from among those entered in the Lile competition represent the School of Law in the National Moot Court competition and other intramural competitions with law schools in Virginia and neighboring states.
Moot Court is the largest single student activity in the Law School, with well over 250 students involved in the various activities administered by the Moot Court Board. Through participation in Moot Court activities, a student receives valuable training in legal writing and the art of advocacy.
Peer Advisor Program Second- and third-year students conduct orientation activities for first-year students, providing guidance and support throughout the academic year. Approximately five peer advisors are assigned to each of the twelve first-year sections. The application/selection process begins in late March or early April of each year.
Post-Conviction Adjudication Project (P-CAP) provides a substantial amount of practical experience for law students while providing a number of valuable services to the community. P-CAP operates a bail project, which assists the Charlottesville Joint Security Complex in determining which prisoners should be granted bail; visits detainees in the Beaumont Training Center, a juvenile home, to provide role models for the youths living there; aids local attorneys handling cases in juvenile court; and answers prisoners’ letters requesting information on a variety of legal issues. In addition, the project represents inmates in various habeas corpus and civil rights actions in U.S. District Court and in the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit, under the third-year practice rule. The organization also files amicus curiae and certiorari briefs with the U.S. Supreme Court.
Public Interest Law Association (PILA) is a student-run organization dedicated to promoting and supporting public interest law among law students. PILA provides fellowships to students who accept volunteer or low-paying summer internships in public services, educates the Law School community about public interest law, and serves as a support network for students interested in public service.
Saint Thomas More Society is an organization of law students, lawyers and judges who are practicing members of the Roman Catholic Church. The Society is dedicated to assisting in the spiritual growth of its members, encouraging them to apply the ideals exemplified by St. Thomas More in their daily lives and fostering high ethical principles in the legal profession and in the community of Catholic lawyers.
Student Bar Association As the official representative of the Law School student body, the SBA advises the dean of student sentiment, appoints students to joint faculty-student committees, initiates projects furthering student interest, and arranges social activities. Law students annually elect a president, four representatives from each of the three Law School classes, one representative from among the post-graduate students, an ABA Law Student Division Representative, and delegates to the University-wide Judiciary Committee, Honor Committee, and Student Council, all of whom serve on the SBA.
Students United to Promote Racial Awareness (SUPRA) is a student organization funded completely by the Law School Foundation in order to promote communication, interaction, and understanding among students with different racial and ethnic backgrounds. This is accomplished primarily through autonomous dinner groups that are purposefully racially diverse.
The Domestic Violence Project was established in 1993 and is student-run. The Project educates the Law School about issues of domestic violence through discussion panels and video presentations, monitors the Juvenile and Domestic Courts to inform abused women about the services available to them. In addition, law student volunteers serve at the Shelter for Help in Emergency (SHE) and the Magic Circle (children of women in SHE).
The Order of the Coif is the Law School’s one academic honor society. Membership is limited to those individuals who have graduated in the top ten percent of their class, based on three years attendance at the Law School, and who have otherwise met high standards of integrity and dedication.
The Rex E. Lee Society (REELS) seeks to promote high ethical and moral values in the study and practice of law. The organization serves as a resource for the law school and provides assistance and information to members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints (Mormons) who are studying or interested in studying law at the University of Virginia.
Virginia Journal of International Law is the oldest continuously published, student-edited journal of international law. Published quarterly by a board of student editors, issues of the Journal include articles by noted practitioners, scholars, and jurists, as well as student-written notes and comments. Topics covered in the Journal range from public international law issues such as human rights, Law of the Sea, and foreign sovereign immunity, to private international law issues such as arbitration, international trade, and taxation. The Journal’s subscribers include individuals, firms, corporations, and libraries in more than 40 countries. The Journal selects its members through writing tryouts held each spring and fall.
Virginia Journal of Law and Technology is a student organization dedicated to publishing articles and notes germane to the practice of law in the twenty-first century. The focus of the Journal’s subject matter is on, but not limited to, intellectual property, environmental, and communications law.
Virginia Journal of Social Policy and the Law is a student-edited law journal that publishes articles exploring the intersection of law and social policy issues. Recognizing the significant impact of the law and legal institutions on social conditions, the Journal provides a forum in which to examine contending legal, judicial, and political perspectives. An array of issues are addressed, including—among others—health care and welfare reform, criminal justice, voting and civil rights, family law, employment discrimination, reproductive rights, immigration issues, rights of sexual minorities, and juvenile court reform. The Journal is published twice a year, in the late fall and late spring.
Virginia Journal of Sports and the Law was founded in 1998 as a student-edited law journal that focuses on all aspects of sports law. The Journal offers not only the traditional scholarly articles found in most law journals, but articles written by sports law practitioners that address the practical impact sports law has on athletes, coaches, compliance officers, and athletic directors. The Journal is published twice a year by members selected from a written tryout held each fall and spring.
Virginia Law Families serves to provide support to, and promote the interests of those students facing the challenges of attending law school while raising children. Among our primary objectives are promoting social interaction and the sharing of information among interested persons, including both current and prospective parents. Issues of specific concern include child care, medical resources, and family activities or community events, with particular emphasis on low-cost options to help those on a tight budget. We also provide support to the law school admissions staff by encouraging individuals with families to apply for admissions and attend the University of Virginia School of Law and serving as an information resource for prospective students.
Virginia Law Review, established in 1913, is a student publication of scholarly journals of the legal profession that criticize, support, or propose nearly every important American legal development. The Virginia Law Review and its 70 members contribute eight issues a year to this unique tradition. Original student work makes up approximately half of each issue. Review members are responsible for all phases of editing and publication. The Review selects the majority of its members on the basis of academic performance. The remainder are chosen on the basis of writing ability, a combination of academic performance and writing ability, or writing ability and potential for other contributions (Virginia Plan).
Virginia Law Weekly is the newspaper of the Law School community. Its editorial board and staff are comprised entirely of students. Circulated among students, faculty, alumni, and numerous law libraries, it provides a forum for the discussion of issues and activities in the Law School.
Virginia Law Women (VLW) addresses the needs and interests of women at the Law School, at the University, and in the Charlottesville community. Its main goals are to make law students and others aware of the sexism within the legal profession, and to provide a support system for women. To accomplish these aims, VLW invites and sponsors speakers, networks with law student organizations, and with other University and Charlottesville women’s groups. VLW is committed to establishing a more equitable life for women and welcomes all who wish to further these goals.
Virginia Tax Review is the first student-edited law journal focusing on tax law issues. Published four times per year, the Review consists of articles written by practitioners and academics, as well as notes and comments written by students. Membership in the Virginia Tax Review Association offers students an opportunity to assist in the editing and production of the second-most-widely subscribed journal at the Law School and to sharpen their skills in legal writing and analysis. Members are selected on the basis of their performance in a writing tryout held every spring and fall.
Voz Latina is the Latin-American law students’ association at the University of Virginia. Its mission is to promote an awareness of and appreciation for Latin culture at the Law School and to serve as a tool for the recruitment of Latin law students. In addition, support is given to Latin law students with respect to professional placement. Voz Latina welcomes members of any race or ethnicity.
Woman of Color The goals of Women of Color are specifically to provide social support to the diverse population of women at the law school; to promote the welfare of its members through educational, professional, cultural, social and community service programs; and to provide a forum for the discussion of issues affecting women of color in the law school and the University community as a whole. Women of color seeks to achieve these goals through service projects and fundraisers benefiting the University community and the greater Charlottesville-Albemarle community; social gatherings to promote fun and friendship; and open communication and involvement with the administration, professors, other student organizations and the undergraduate community.
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Annual Awards and Honors
Bracewell and Patterson Oral Advocacy Awards Established by the Houston firm in 1988. Twenty-four outstanding first-year oral advocates are selected to receive a check and a certificate.
Mortimer Caplin Public Service Award Established in 1992 by Mr. Caplin, ‘40, the Commissioner of the Internal Revenue Service under President Kennedy, and given at commencement to a graduating student who is entering a career in the public service sector and who demonstrates the qualities of leadership, integrity, and service to others.
Edwin S. Cohen Tax Prize This monetary prize is given annually to the graduating student who has demonstrated, by the sustained excellence of his or her performance in tax courses, superior scholarship in the tax area.
Hardy Cross Dillard Prize Established in honor of Hardy Cross Dillard, retired Judge of the International Court of Justice and former Dean and James Monroe Professor of Law. This monetary prize and plaque are awarded to the author of the best student note in a current volume of the Virginia Journal of International Law.
Faculty Award for Academic Excellence Presented to the student who has had the most outstanding academic record during his or her three years in Law School.
Robert E. Goldsten (‘40) Award Established by the man for whom it is named and given to the student who has, in the opinion of the faculty, contributed the most to classroom participation. The winner receives a certificate of recognition at graduation and a lifetime membership in the University of Virginia Alumni Association.
Eppa Hunton IV Memorial Book Award Established in 1977 by the Richmond, Virginia law firm of Hunton & Williams, in honor of Eppa Hunton IV, ‘27. The award is presented annually to a third-year student who has demonstrated unusual aptitude in litigation courses and shown a keen awareness and understanding of the lawyer’s ethical and professional responsibility.
Margaret G. Hyde Award Established in 1930 by Forrest J. Hyde, Jr., ‘15. Under the terms of the donation, a monetary award is made to an outstanding member of the graduating class whose scholarship, character, personality, activities in the affairs of the school, and promise of efficiency have, in the opinion of the law faculty, entitled him or her to special recognition.
Jackson and Walker Award This monetary award is presented by the Dallas law firm to the student who has attained the highest grade point average in his or her class after four semesters.
Robert F. Kennedy Award for Public Service Established in 1989 by the Student Legal Forum, a monetary award is presented to the graduate who, during his or her Law School years, best exemplifies the ideals of the late Senator Kennedy through active and effective community service.
Herbert Kramer/Herbert Bangel Community Service Award Established in 1989 by Mr. Kramer, ‘52. This monetary award is given annually to a third-year student who has contributed the most to the community during his or her stay in Law School.
Law School Alumni Association Best Note Award This monetary award is presented to the member of the Law Review who wrote the best note in the current volume of the Review.
Thomas Marshall Miller Prize Established by Emily Miller Danton in 1982 in memory of her father, Thomas Marshall Miller, who attended the Law School, this monetary award is given annually to an outstanding and deserving member of the graduating class, selected by the faculty.
National Association of Women Lawyers Award This honorary membership in the National Association of Women Lawyers is awarded each year to an outstanding woman in the graduating class.
John M. Olin Prize in Law and Economics A monetary award given by the Olin Foundation to the graduate or graduates who have produced outstanding work in the field of law and economics.
Mary Claiborne and Roy H. Ritter Prizes These four prizes for character, honor, and integrity were established in 1985 by C. Willis Ritter, ‘65 to honor his parents. Under the terms of the award, four monetary prizes are given annually to two female and two male members of the second-year class. The prize is applied against each recipient’s tuition during his or her final year of study. In addition, each recipient is given an appropriate certificate and the names of the winners also appear on a plaque in the library.
Shannon Award Established by the Z Society to encourage outstanding scholarship at the University, the award is presented each year to the student with the highest academic record after five semesters.
Earle K. Shawe Labor Relations Award Established in honor of the late Hardy C. Dillard, by Earle K. Shawe, ‘34. Mr. Shawe is the founder and senior partner of Shawe & Rosenthal, a Baltimore firm devoted exclusively to labor and employment law. This monetary award is given to the graduating student who shows the greatest promise of becoming a successful practitioner in the field of labor relations.
James C. Slaughter Honor Award This monetary award was established by the Textile Veterans Association in honor of James C. Slaughter, ‘51, and is presented to an outstanding member of the graduating class.
Stephen Pierre Traynor Award This award for excellence in appellate advocacy was established in 1970 by the late Roger J. Traynor, former Chief Justice of the California Supreme Court, in memory of his son. The monetary award is presented to the participant in the final round of the William Minor Lile Moot Court Competition who, in the opinion of the judges of the final round, presents the best oral argument.
Roger and Madeleine Traynor Prize Established in 1980 by a gift from retired Chief Justice and Mrs. Traynor of California, these prizes are awarded each year to acknowledge the best written work by two graduating students. Each winner receives an appropriate certificate and a monetary award.
Trial Advocacy Award The Virginia Trial Lawyers Association presents an award to a graduating student who best exemplifies the attributes of an effective trial lawyer.
Virginia State Bar Family Law Book Award Established by the Family Law Section of the Virginia State Bar and the Virginia Chapter of the American Academy of Matrimonial Lawyers, this award is presented to the graduating student who has demonstrated the most promise and potential for the practice of family law.
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Course Descriptions
Frequency of Course Offerings The courses listed on the following pages have been offered in recent academic years; not all courses are offered each year. The nature of the Law School curriculum allows significant variations in course titles and course content depending on the interest of the faculty members.
Note: For the current year’s specific course offerings, including prerequisites and mutually exclusive courses, please consult the Law School’s Course Offering Directory (COD). That COD, along with other current information about the Law School, may be found online at www.law.virginia.edu.
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Faculty
Office of the Dean of the School of Law
John C. Jeffries, Jr., B.A., J.D., Dean, Arnold H. Leon Professor of Law, Emerson G. Spies Professor of Law
Elaine M. Hadden, B.A., Associate Dean for Management and Finance
David H. Ibbeken, A.B., J.D., Director, Law School Foundation
M. Susan Palmer, B.A., J.D., Associate Dean for Admissions
James E. Ryan, B.A., J.D., William L. Matheson & Robert N. Morgenthau Distinguished Research Professor, Academic Associate Dean
Gary F. Banks, B.A., M.Ed., Chief Information Officer
Cary Bennett, B.S., Assistant Dean for Academic Services and Registrar
Kimberly Carpenter Emery, B.A., J.D., Assistant Dean for Public Service
Troy W. Dunaway, B.A., M.B.A., Assistant Dean for Business and Finance
William S. Hopson IV, B.A., LL.B., Senior Assistant Dean for Career Services
Faculty
Professors
Kenneth S. Abraham, A.B., J.D., Robert E. Scott Distinguished Professor of Law
Barbara E. Armacost, B.S., M.T.S., J.D.
Richard D. Balnave, B.A., M.A., J.D.
Lillian R. BeVier, B.A., J.D., John S. Shannon Distinguished Professor of Law
Vincent Blasi, B.A., J.D., James Madison Distinguished Professor of Law, Roy L. and Rosamond W. Morgan Research Professor
Richard J. Bonnie, B.A., LL.B., John S. Battle Professor of Law
O. Whitfield Broome, A.B., M.S., Ph.D., Kaulback Professor of Commerce and Professor of Law
D. Ruth Buck, B.A., M.Ed., J.D., Co-Director of Legal Research and Writing
Jonathan Z. Cannon, B.A., J.D.
George M. Cohen, B.A., J.D.
Anne M. Coughlin, B.A., M.A., J.D., O.M. Vicars Professor of Law
Barry Cushman, B.A., M.A., J.D., Ph.D., Percy Brown, Jr., Professor of Law, F. Palmer Weber Research Professor of Civil Liberties and Human Rights
Michael P. Dooley, B.A., J.D., William S. Potter Professor of Law
Earl C. Dudley, Jr., B.A., LL.B.
Kim A. Forde-Mazrui, A.B., J.D., Justice Thurgood Marshall Research Professor of Law
Charles J. Goetz, A.B., Ph.D., Joseph M. Hartfield Professor of Law
John C. Harrison, B.A., J.D. D. Lurton Massie, Jr., Professor of Law, Horace W. Goldsmith Research Professor
A. E. Dick Howard, B.A., LL.B., M.A. (Oxon.), White Burkett Miller Professor of Law and Public Affairs
John C. Jeffries, Jr., B.A., J.D., Dean, Arnold H. Leon Professor of Law, Emerson G. Spies Professor of Law
Edmund W. Kitch, B.A., J.D., Mary and Daniel Loughran Professor of Law, E. James Kelly - Class of 1965 Research Professor
Michael J. Klarman, B.A., M.A., J.D., D.Phil., James Monroe Distinguished Professor of Law
Kevin A. Kordana, B.A., J.D.
Jody S. Kraus, B.A., Ph.D., J.D.
Douglas L. Leslie, B.A., J.D., Charles O. Gregory Professor of Law
Graham C. Lilly, B.S., LL.B., Armistead M. Dobie Professor of Law
Clarisa Long, B.S., B.A., J.D.
Peter W. Low, A.B., LL.B., Hardy C. Dillard Professor of Law, Earle K. Shawe Research Professor
M. Elizabeth Magill, B.A., J.D., John V. Ray Research Professor
Julia D. Mahoney, B.A., J.D., David H. Ibbeken ’71 Research Professor of Law
Paul G. Mahoney, B.A., J.D. Brokaw Professor of Corporate Law, Albert C. BeVier Research Professor
David A. Martin, B.A., J.D., Warner-Booker Distinguished Professor of International Law, Class of 1963 Research Professor
Charles W. McCurdy, B.A., Ph.D., Professor of History and Law
Richard A. Merrill, A.B., LL.B., M.A. (Oxon.), Daniel Caplin Professor of Law
Jennifer C. Mnookin, A.B., J.D., Barron F. Black Research Professor of Law
John T. Monahan, B.A., M.A., Ph.D., Henry L. and Grace Doherty Professor of Law, Class of ‘41 Research Professor
John Norton Moore, A.B., LL.B., LL.M., Walter L. Brown Professor of Law
Caleb E. Nelson, A.B., J.D., Albert Clark Tate, Jr., Research Professor of Law
Jeffrey O’Connell, B.A., J.D., Samuel H. McCoy II Professor of Law
Robert M. O’Neil, A.B., A.M., LL.M., University Professor, Professor of Law
Daniel R. Ortiz, B.A., M.Phil. (Oxon), J.D., John Allan Love Professor of Law, Horace W. Goldsmith Research Professor
Margaret V. W. Riley, A.B., J.D., Co-Director of Legal Research and Writing
Glen O. Robinson, A.B., LL.B., David and Mary Harrison Distinguished Professor of Law
Mildred W. Robinson, B.A., LL.M., J.D., Henry L. and Grace Doherty Charitable Foundation Professor of Law
George A. Rutherglen, A.B., J.D., John Barbee Minor Distinguished Professor of Law, Edward F. Howrey Research Professor
James E. Ryan, B.A., J.D., William L. Matheson & Robert N. Morgenthau Distinguished Research Professor, Academic Associate Dean
Robert N. Saylor, A.B., J.D.
Elizabeth S. Scott, A.B., J.D., Class of 1962 Professor of Law, University Professor, Joseph C. Carter, Jr., Research Professor
Robert E. Scott, B.A., J.D., LL.M., S.J.D., David and Mary Harrison Distinguished Professor of Law
John K. Setear, B.A., J.D.
Kent Sinclair, Jr., A.B., J.D.
Paul B. Stephan III, B.A., M.A., J.D., Lewis F. Powell, Jr., Professor of Law, Hunton & Williams Research Professor
George G. Triantis, B.A., LL.B., LL.M., J.S.D., Perre Bowen Professor of Law
J. Hoult Verkerke, B.A., M.Phil., J.D.
W. Laurens Walker, A.B., J.D., S.J.D., T. Munford Boyd Professor of Law
Steven D. Walt, B.A., M.A., J.D., Ph.D.
G. Edward White, B.A., M.A., Ph.D., J.D., David and Mary Harrison Distinguished Professor of Law
Thomas R. White III, B.A., LL.B., John C. Stennis Professor of Law
Ann Woolhandler, B.A., J.D., William Minor Lile Professor of Law, Class of 1948 Research Professor
George K. Yin, B.A., M.Ed., J.D., Howard W. Smith Professor of Law
Associate Professors
Rosa Ehrenreich Brooks, A.B., M.St., J.D.
Risa Goluboff, A.B., M.A., J.D.
Deena Hurwitz, B.A., J.D.
Mitchell Kane, B.A., J.D., M.A.
Anup Malani, B.S.F.S., M.A., J.D.
Karen M. Moran, B.A., J.D., Co-Director of Legal Research and Writing
Thomas B. Nachbar, A.B., J.D.
Richard Schragger, B.A., M.A., J.D.
Stephen F. Smith, B.A., J.D.
April W. Triantis, B.A., J.D., LL.M.
Timothy Wu, B.Sc., J.D.
Adjunct and Part-time Faculty
Rajesh Aggarwal, B.A., M.A., Ph.D
Benjamin C. Ackerly, B.A., LL.B.
Andrew K. Block, Jr., B.A., J.D.
William A. Bradford, Jr., B.A., J.D.
David W. Carr, Jr., A.B., J.D.
Graeme Cooper, B.A., LL.M., J.S.D.
Charles Craver, B.A., J.D.
Judge B. Waugh Crigler, B.A., J.D.
Frank Cummings, B.A., J.D.
Claire E. Curry, B.A., J.D.
John E. Davidson, B.A., J.D.
Richard N. Dean, B.A., M.A., J.D.
Neil Duxbury, LL.B., Ph.D.
Joseph Erdman, B.A., J.D.
Lawrence R. Fullerton, B.A., M.A., J.D.
Christof Fritzen, J.S.D., LL.M.
Judge Bernard S. Goodwyn, A.B., J.D.
Marie Goàe, Dr. Jur.
William Gould, B.A., J.D.
D. Brock Greene, B.A., J.D.
Alex R. Gulotta, B.A., J.D.
Herbert Hausmaninger, Dr. Jur.
Frederick T. Heblich, Jr., B.A., J.D.
Judge Stephan Helvin, B.A., LL.B
Michael J. Henke, B.A., LL.B., LL.M.
James Hingeley, A.B., J.D.
Roger Hood, B.Sc., D.C.L., Ph.D.
Jean B. Hudson, B.A., J.D.
David B. Isbell, B.A., LL.B.
Richard C. Kast, B.A., J.D.
H. Lane Kneedler, A.B., LL.B.
Michael R. Lincoln, B.S., J.D.
Paul A. Lombardo, A.B., M.A., J.D., Ph.D.
Denise Lunsford, B.A., J.D.
Robert S. MacWright, B.A., Ph.D., J.D.
Byron F. Marchant, B.S., J.D.
Thomas Massaro, S.B., Ph.D., M.D., M.S.
Timothy J. McEvoy, B.A., LL.B., LL.M., S.J.D.
W. Thomas McGough, Jr., B.A., J.D.
Richard E. Moore, A.B., J.D.
Alexia Morrison, B.A., J.D.
Michael C. Ross, B.A., J.D.
Alan Ryan, B.A., M.A., D.Litt.
Gordon Slynn, B.A., M.A., LL.M.
Thomas G. Snow, B.A., M.A., J.D.
Bruce M. Steen, B.A., J.D., M.A.
Frank Stewart, A.B., LL.B.
Robert F. Turner, B.A., J.D.
Bakhtiyar Tuzmukhamedor, Dipl.Intl.Jur., Cand.Jur.Sci., LL.M.
William R. Waddell, A.B., LL.B.
Neal L. Walters, B.A., M.F.A., J.D.
Bernhard Wegener, M.A., LL.D., Ph.D.
Robert L. Weinberg, B.A., LL.B.
J. Joshua Wheeler, B.A., M.A., J.D.
Richard F. Williamson, B.A., J.D.
Christine Windbichler, Dr.Jur., LL.M., Dr.Jur.Habil.
R. Craig Wood, B.A., M.Ed., J.D.
Donald H. Yee, B.A., J.D.
Retired Faculty
Neill H. Alford, Jr., B.A., LL.B., J.S.D., Professor Emeritus
Thomas F. Bergin, B.A., LL.B., Professor Emeritus
Mortimer M. Caplin, B.S., LL.B., J.S.D., Professor Emeritus
Edwin S. Cohen, B.A., J.D., Professor Emeritus
Stanley D. Henderson, A.B., J.D., Professor Emeritus
John A.C. Hetherington, A.B., LL.B., LL.M., Professor Emeritus
Peter C. Manson, B.A., LL.B., Professor Emeritus
John C. McCoid, B.A., LL.B., Professor Emeritus
Daniel J. Meador, B.S., LL.B., LL.M., Professor Emeritus
Albert R. Turnbull, B.A., LL.B., Professor Emeritus
Walter J. Wadlington, A.B., LL.B. Professor Emeritus
Larry B. Wenger, B.A., J.D., M.L.S., Professor Emeritus
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